Authors
Yasuhiro Suzuki*
Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Furocho Chikusa, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture 464/0814, Japan
*Email: [email protected]; www.ysuzuki.info
Corresponding Author
Yasuhiro Suzuki
Received 20 November 2020, Accepted 10 August 2021, Available Online 27 December 2021.
DOI
https://doi.org/10.2991/jrnal.k.211108.002How to use a DOI?
Keywords
Chemical ecology; Lotoka–Volterra equation; tri-trophic system; mathematical biology
Abstract
Lotoka–Volterra, LV equations are to model predator–prey problem. In principle, the LV equations are belongs to a two-person system. Even if there are many-body, it is structurally in two-body, i.e., with three or more predators and a prey. On the other hand, chemical ecology has shown that plants damaged by predation produce information chemicals (Hervibore Induced Plant Volatile, HIPV) that attract natural enemies. Chemical ecology suggests that the ecosystem is a tri-trophic system consisting of predator–plant (HIPV)–prey. Therefore, chemical ecosystems are essentially different from LV equations. This paper proposes a basic equation for tri-trophic systems and investigates their stability.
Copyright
© 2021 The Author. Published by ALife Robotics Corp. Ltd.
Open Access
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).